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It
was discovered by William Gregor, the British mineralogist and pastor
who lived in Manaccan , Britain. As he found out glittering black
sand in front of a mill at a little stream around the church, he
suspected that it might be powerful gunpowder and tried to find
out what it was. He found there were iron and the other elements
that had not been known until then in sand, and named it Manaccin
for the stream. In 1795, Martin H. Kraproth also discovered the
element and named it "Titan" that means a giant who was
a son of the god of heaven (Uranus) and ocean (Gaea), supporting
the earth, in Greek mythology. It was found that the element both
persons discovered was identical in 1797, and it has been used as
"Titanium" in Britain and "Titan" in Germany
until now.
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The time when steel materials, which are used most nowadays, were
industrialized was 1780s, and copper alloy was industrialized in
the early 1800s, aluminum in 1890s and stainless steel in 1910s,
while Titanium was industrialized in 1950s, which has relatively
short history. Titanium alloy has higher specific strength and better
corrosion resistance than other ferrous alloy, so it was developed
for military purpose and used in aerospace and marine field, After
the cold war was terminated, it has been used for general and industrial
purpose, so we can easily find out Titanium products in our life.
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| 1790 |
William
Gregor (Britain) discovered Titanium in a stream, and named
it "Manaccin" |
| 1795 |
Martin
H. Klaproth (Germany) discovered Titanium from Rutile(TiO2),
and named it "Titan" |
| 1856 |
Muller
(Germany) detected Titanium from Ti compounds (C, N) |
| 1875 |
Kilirov
(Russia) extracted Titanium in a metal form |
| 1895 |
Hani
Moasan (France) attempted to extract high-purity Titanium |
| 1910 |
Hunter
extracted Titanium (99%) and developed Hunter Process using
Na |
| 1925 |
A.
E. Van Arkel and J. H. De. Boer extracted Titanium (100%) |
| 1938 |
R.
S Dean (U.S) began research on industrialization in Kroll
method |
| 1939 |
W.
J. Kroll (U.S) established a industrial manufacturing process
of Titanium (Kroll mine method) |
| 1940 |
Kroll
(U.S) applied for a patent for mass production of industrial
Titanium (Kroll Process) |
| 1948 |
Du
pont (U.S) constructed Sponge Titanium manufacturing plants
and produced 10 tons a year |
| 1950 |
Titanium
for rolling materials to be used in TMCA (Titanium Metals
Company of America) was produced |
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The first metal human beings used was copper.
As iron was discovered, copper had to be retired from the front
line because it has weaker than iron. Using iron brought modern
civilization and industrial growth. In the 21st century, the position
of iron is still secure as the most important metal for human beings.
However, new materials that have properties better than iron are
being developed, and in the center of the materials leading the
21st century exists Titanium. |
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